Photographing and developing apparatus



April 3, 1928.

G c. BEIDLER PHOTOGRAPHING 'AND DEVELOBING APPARATUS FilediOct. 24, 1925 5 Sheets-eSheet 1 "3 & INVENTOR.

In G W E? M ATTORNEY April 3, 1928.

G. C. BEIDLER PHOTOGRAPHING AND DEVELOPING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 24, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet INVENTO 4/ Q April 3, 1928. 1,664,729

G. c. BEIDLER PHOTOGRAPHING AND DEVELOPING APPARATUS FiledOct. 24. 1925 s Sheets-Sheet s b L\ n rh o d J I v \D O m v m w m Q N P Q MQ w 1 8 \0 0 I I] WM) TORNEY April 3, 1928.

G. C. BEIDLER PHOTOGRAPHING AND DEVELOPING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 24, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY mm wln vIIIIIIIIIAVII'III/IJV lI i 1,664,729 G. c. BEIDLER PHOTOGRAPHING AND DEVELOPING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 24, 1925 5 Sheets$heet 5 INVEN TOR,

BY f

Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES GEORGE C. IBEIDLEB, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

PEOTOGRAPHING AND DEVELOPING APPARATUS.

Application filed October 24, 1925. Serial No. 64,560.

This invention relates generally to the class of photography, particularly to a photographic and developing apparatus.

It is an object of this invention to provide mechanismto be utilized in association preferably with a camera, or means for exposing film to light, and in which film may be drawn or moved from the camera and delivered to a receptacle where the film will be developed, and means associated therewith for cutting film that has been delivered to the said receptacle from that portion of the film remaining in the exposing device, or which may project slightly therefrom, and to thereafter, through novel means, draw the film from the developing receptacle and transfer it to a compartment where it may be further treated, as by being subjected to fixing fluid.

It is a further object of this invention to provide means whereby film after it is de-" veloped may be transferred to a com'artment, andwhereby in its travel it wil be immersed in a fixing fluid, and in the present embodiment of the invention, provision is made for-the installation of a receptacle containing a fixing fluid, to which the film is delivered after it has been initially coated with the fixing fluid; and furthermore, in

' the present embodiment of the invention, the

means for drawing the film from the developing receptacle and the means for subjecting the film to the initial coating of developer are coupled to be operated to move the film from the developer through the means for initially coating it with fixing fluid to a container of fixing fluid.

It is a part of the prior art to provide exposing chambers, sources of film supply, means for drawing the film from the source of supply through an exposing chamber, and for drawing film from the exposing chamber and severing that portion that has been removed from the exposing chamber from the web of film, and generally speaking, any appropriate or conventional means may be employed containing the foregoing in connection with the film treating means which serve to perform substantially the functions and results heretofore stated.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction, and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this application wherein like characters denote correspondmg parts in the several views, and in which- Figure 1 illustrates a view in elevation of a fragment of the apparatus partly in sectron;

Figure 2 illustrates a horizontal sectional View below the exposing chamber;

Figure 3 illustrates a sectional view of the device on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Figure 4 illustrates an enlarged detail view of a drive for a film moving device and a shift for film moving means;

Figure 5 illustrates a similar view with parts in different positions;

Figure ti illustrates an enlarged detail view in plan of part of the shifting mechanism and drive;

Figure 7 illustrates a similar view with parts in different positions;

Figure 8 illustrates a view in elevation of the inner side of the drive and shifting mechanism; I

Figure 9 illustrates a sectional view on the line 9--9 of Fig. 8 with parts omitted;

Figure 10 illustrates a similar view with parts in different position; and

Figure 11 illustrates a conventional showing of receptacles for use in the apparatus,

In these drawings 20 denotes a casing which may contain an exposin chamber through which film 21 may be rawn and exposed to light, and usually the film is threaded between rollers 22 and 23 which may be rotated in appropriate way for drawing film from the exposing chamber and causing it to travel into a receptacle 24 for fixing fluid, where, in the resent showing, the film will be guided by t e coil 25, the said coil being arranged in the receptacle. This feature of the developing tank and coil form the subject matter of patents to me, one of which is dated July 13, 1920 and numbered 1,346,780, and need not, it is thought, be described in detail. I

An element 26 is movable in guides such as 26 in a plane above the receptacle 24 and preferably this element constitutes a cover for the eceptacle 24 in order that the said cover will prevent evaporation and deterioration of the developing fluid. Arms 27 preferably resilient, have their ends anchored to the member 26 and roject from the'front edge thereof a suitab e distance to assume positions with respect to other mechanisms, which will be presently ex lained. A roller 28 is rotatably mounted to e supported by the resilient arms and in position slightly below knives 29 and 30, between which the film is fed into the receptacle 24 so that after the film has been so fed, it may be cut by the knives 29 and 30, such as is well known in the art.

In proximity of the knives, but on the side thereof opposite that occupied by the developer receptacle 24 a roller 31 is mounted to cooperate with the roller 28 when the member 26 is moved to carry the roller 28 under the knives 29 and 30. \Vhen such movement occurs, film that has been delivered to the developing receptacle 2% will have its upper edge in the path of travel of the roller 28 and the roller 28 will there fore flex the projecting upper edge of the film and press it against the roller 31. The relation of parts is such that the axis of the roller 28 will pass the axis of the roller 31 by riding over the periphery of the roller 31 with the film interposed between the two rollers. parts just described, the. film will be flexed or bent downwardly to a degree over the roller 31 in order that when the said roller 31 is turned, as will be presently explained, the film will be drawn from the developing receptacle 24 and moved downwardly on an incline to the receptacle 32 for the fixing fluid, but it is the purpose of the inventor that prior to the delivery of the film to the fixing fluid, it shall be provided with an initial coating of fixing fluid in order that the developing of the film will be arrested and prevented from being affected by light during its subsequent treatment which is in tended to fully fix the film prior to its being Washed.

In moving the film from the developing receptacle 24, it will, of course, be drawn from the coil in a direction reverse to that which it traveled whe": entering the receptacle, and as the roller 31 is rotated, the pressure of the roller 28 on the film will be suflicient to produce friction which will cause the film to be moved. In order that the film may be properly directed from the roller 31 to the location where it receives its initial coating, a film guiding and transfer de vice is interposed between the roller 31 and the fixing fluid receptacle 32. The film transfer may be of any appropriate construction and it may consist of two end plates such as 33 and an inclined plate such as 47 and associated parts, as will presently appear, and the film transfer is preferably removably applied to the tray 32 which is intended to contain fixing fluid.

The film transfer further includes suporting elements on which the film travels in its descent from the roller 31 to a loca- By reason of the arrangement of The ribs serve to support the film travels over the ribs and permits the film to move without causing any rub or marks which atl'ect the coated surface of the film, and this is of particular importance when double coated film is being treated. The upper edges of the ribs near their ends are concave, and at or near their ends the upper edges of the ribs are convex; hence, film will be guided into the depression caused by the concavities of the ribs and then elevated when the film travels over the said convex surfaces of the ribs. It has been found in practice that when the guiding members or ribs 37 are of the configuration illustrated in the drawing, the film will be caused to dip into the fixing fluid and then will pass out of the fixing fluid over the ends of the guides and he delivered in the re: ceptacle 32 on top of fixing fluid.

if it is the desire of the user to deliver the film to a receptacle 32 containing fixing fluid, the frame may be associated with a tray for containing fixing fluid, as it is illustrated in the drawing, Fig. 3, but if the film is to be subjected to an initial coating of fixing fluid and thereafter delivered to a receptacle 36" which may or may not contain fixing fluid, the film transfer would be installed in a receptacle 36 containing fixtoo ing fluid located in promixity to a receptacle without fixing fluid so that the film initially coated with fixing fluid could he delivered to the receptacle. A conventional showing of this last mentioned arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 11.

iVhile it has been stated that the receptacle 36* may be emptied for the reception of film coated with fixing fluid, it is within the province of one skilled in the art to utilize this receptacle as a container for fixing fluid to which film may be delivered for its final fixing treatment, and when so used, the film will be initially coated by the transfer in the receptacle 36*.

As a means for causing the film to travel from, the ribs of the frame, a drum 38 is rotatably mounted in the frame so that its periphery above the axis is about alined with the upper edges of the ribs, and friction wheels 39 preferably having rubber tires or peripheries coact with the drum 38 and hold the film on the drum 38 in order that the motion of the friction wheels will be imparted to the film to draw it through the fixing fluid and eject it therefrom. The friction wheels are mounted on a shaft 40, which shaft is also supplied with a gear wheel 41 meshing with a pinion 42 of the shaft 43. The shafts 4:0 and 43, as well as trunnions 44 of the drum, are rotatable in a standard or bracket 45 at one end of the frame, whereas the shaft 40 and the trunnion of the drum at the end opposite the standard 45 are journaled in a standard 46 at the opposite end of the frame.

The ribs 3? have their bases secured to the inclined plate a7, a part of the frame structure, and the free lower ends of the ribs which project outwardly from the plate 47 have a brace 47 attached to them in order that the structure will be made more rigid. A gear wheel 48 is secured on the shaft 43 and it is intended to be driven by mechanism, to be presently explained, with relation to which the frame and the parts mounted thereon, as just described, are removable. The cause for making the frame and the parts mounted thereon removable is to facilitate access to the interior of the apparatus, cleaning of the fixing fluid receptacle, and for other purposes.

The reciprocating member 26 is held normally retracted with respect to the roller 31 and the feed rollers which draw him from the exposing chamber, and to accomplish the result in the present embodiment of the invention, the member 26 has an abutment or depending portion 49 engaged by a plunger rod 50 which is under pressure of a spring 51. The spring is assembled to encircle a portion of the plunger rod and the plunger rod projects through the end of a cylinder 52. The spring is also located in the cylinder and engages a shoulder 53 ot' the plunger rod so that, as stated, the member 26 will be forced rearwardly by the action of the spring.

Mechanism is provided for moving the member 26 in the opposite direction to that imparted to it by the spring after film has been delivered to the developing receptacle and after it has been severed, and to accomplish the said result, a rock shaft 54: is journaled in the casing and it is provided with arms 55 that extend upwardly into engage ment with the flange or abutment 49, and. as the rock shaft moves in one direction the arms will exert pressure on the member 26 to overcome the pressure of the spring and to impart movement to the member 26 in order that it will carry the roller 28 and cause it to flex the upper end of the cut film and force the said film over and in firm contact with the roller 31, from which it will be delivered to the device by which it is transferred to the fixing fluid. The rock shaft is provided with a shaft operating arm 56 near its end within the case, and a bar 57, which may be termed a thrust bar, has one end pivotally connected to the arm 56, whereas its opposite end is provided with mechanism which, coacting with other parts of the device, will serve to forcibly move the bar, as will presently appear.

The inner face of the bar near the end remote from the rock shaft has a longitudinally extending rib 58 which is engaged by a spring 59 that serves to press the bar toward the inner wall of the case, and the said end of the bar remote from the rock shaft, which. will hereafter be referred to as the outer end, has a bearing plate or extension 60 lying parallel with the outer face of the bar and it projects but a slight distance from the outer end. The bearing plate or extension is integral with or attached to the outer end'ot' the bar and it with the bar constitutes a support for a stud or trunnion (31 of a wheel (32, but there-is a clearance between the inner side of the wheel and the outer surface of the bar which is equal to or greater than the width of the cam 63 which is intended to coact with the wheel when the parts are in a certain position and to rotate independently of the wheel when the parts are in another position. A shaft 64 is journaled in a suitable bearing through the case and a spring 65 encircles the shaft between the bearing and the crank 66 which is on the outer end of the shaft, The crank is preferably counterbalanced in order that it will rotate in an anti-cloclrwise direction, or in a direction opposite that which it moves when manipulated for operating the mechanism, as such counterbalanced crank will facilitate the rotation of the shaft under the pressure of the spring 65. The shaft extends into the case and a gear wheel (53 is mounted on it in order that the shaft may turn independently of the wheel within certain limits. The wheel 67 has a hub 68 with a curved slot 69 the walls of which constitute a camming surface, and a pin or stud 7O projecting from the shaft operates in the said slot. The cam (53 heretofore referred to is rigid with respect to and is carried by the hub of the wheel and it has an aperture through which the shaft projects.

The outer face of the bar has a longitudinally extending way or guide 71 in which the inner end of the shaft extends so that as the rod reciproeates, as will presently ap* pear, the bar will he held in operative relation to the mechanism with which it is associated. ormally when the bar lies against the side of the cam, or approximately so, and the parts are in the position shown in (l, the wheel 62 is out of alinement with the cam 61-5, but if the crank is rotated clockwise, the stud will bear against the wall of the cam slot and cause the crank shaft to move axially. As it moves inwardly, it will inipart movement to the bar, forcing it against the action of the spring 59 until the wheel 6:? is caused to aline with the cam. When the stud on the shaft has reached the end of the cam slot, it will cause the rotation of the wheel 6'? and the cam (33, and the cam will, then be'carried around into engagement llla'i llll with the wheel 62 and further rotation of the shaft will cause the cam to force the bar longitudinally, and such movement will, of course, operate the rock shaft through the connections heretofore described. The bar has an aperture 72 intended to aline with the inner end of the shaft 64 and when the aperture alines with the shaft, the spring o-l will force the bar laterally so that the end of the shaft will lie in the aperture 72 and permit the wheel (32 to be carried out of alinement with the cam (53. .lhe bar will he held for retaining parts of the mechanisin, and the crank shaft may be freely rotated to operate parts of the mechanism, as will hereafter appear.

It Was stated that the gear wheel 48 was to be driven by mechanism to he explained, and in the present emhodiment' of the invention, when the frame is installed in the case, the gear wheel 48 overlies the gear wheel 67 and meshes with it, so that when the wheel 61' is rotated the. film moving mechanism of the frame or transfer is actuated.

in order to prevent the wheel ll? from becoming displaced when the shaft on which it is mounted is moving axially, a guard 73,

which is secured to the inner wall of the case or otherwise anchored, will engage the inner edge of the rim of the wheel, should there be a tendency to sidewise movement of the said wheel (3?. ln the event of there not being sutlicient resistance in the gearing to ause the shaft to move axially by the (ramming action described, slight axial pressure on the shaft will insure a positive operation of the parts in the manner described, although in practice, there has been sulficient resistance to cause the operation of the mechanism in the manner stat-ed, An idle wheel 74: is rotatable on a stud Z5 at the inner surface of the case and the said wheel meshes with the gear wheel 6i and a gear wheel 76 which is likewise rotatable on a stud or shaft inside of the case.

'l he roller 31 is preferably ruhher jacketed or otherwise provided with means to increase its gripping action on the film to be moved and when it is rotated after the roller 28 has carried the film into engagement with it and pressed the film'on it, the film will be drawn from the developing receptacle and, of course, down the ribs, from which it will be taken by the wheels and drum. One end of a shaft or trunnion of the roller 31 is provided with a pinion 7'? that n'ieshes with the wheel 'ill so that through the gearing, the roller 31 and the-friction wheels 39 are operated in unison, when the eranlr 66 operates the respective gear wheels '26 and 67. lit is the purpose of the inventor to so proportion the gearing that the film will be drawn from the developing receptacle'while being delivered to the transfer and ejected from. the

incense detailed description thereof is believed unnecessary.

A shield or guard 31 partially embraces the roller 3]., but is free from the periphery ol the roller in order that it will not interfere. with the rotation of the said roller. The purpose of the shield is to prevent film from adhering to the roller unduly.

A light shade or screen 2O, extends downwardly from the case 20 into a position to prevent light from gaining access to the film prior to its being initially coated'with fixing fluid. y Y

The instrumentalities or mechanism employed for moving, conveying or transferring film from the developing tanlr to the receptacle into which the film comes to rest thereafter may he termed a conveyor or transfer, by which it is meant means for transferring or moving the film from one part of the appa 'atus to another.

ll claimz 1. in a photographing apparatus, means for transferring a film from a developer receptacle to a receiver for the film, including mechanically operated means for applying an initial coating of fixing fluid to the film while in transit, and removing said film from said fixing liuid after the initial coating.

llua photographing apparatus, a film transfer including means for initially coating the film and a fixing fluid while in trausit. and removing the film from said fixing fluid after such initial coating.

3. in a photographing apparatus, a film transfer, including means for applying an initial coat of fixing fluid to the film while in transit, and for interrupting the appli cation of fixing fluid short of the completion of the fixing of the film, whereby the film with the initial fixing fluid may be removed from the receptacle without becoming light struck.

4., In a photographing apparatus, a. casing having a film exposing means, a recepttr cle for developer and a receptacle for fixing fluid in proximity one to the other, means for delivering exposed film to the develop ing receptacle, means for severing the exposed portion of the film from the portion of ithefilm unexposed, a film moving device operative to draw film from the developing fluid, including means for flexing the film and directing its course obliquely downwardly, and a film transfer adapted to coact with the last mentioned film moving means for transferring the film to the fixing fluid, including means associated therewith till tea

lllll lltl illitl fi101: (initially coating the said film with fixing i 5. In a photographing apparatus, a casing having a developer receptacle and a fixing fluid receptacle in proximity to each other, a rotatably mounted roller located between the developer receptacle and the 'fixing fluid receptacle, means for delivering film to the developer with an end projecting therefrom at the top, a roller rotatably mounted and movable into engagement with the projecting end of the film and operative to press the film into engagement with the first mentioned roller, a film transfer in position to receive film from the rollers and having a rotatable film enga ing means for carryin film to the fixing uid receptacle, means or operating the rollers and the last mentioned film engaging means in unison, and means included in the film transfer for applying an initial coating of fixing fluid to the said film while in transit.

6. In a photographing apparatus, a film transfer comprising parallel guides mounted in inclined positions, the edges of the guides being concave near their lower ends, a drum having a periphery substantially in line with the upper edges of the concave portions of the guides, rotatable means coacting with the drum for moving film over the guides, and a receptacle haying fixing fluid in which the drum is submerged for initially coating the film with fixing fluid while movifng across the drum and through the trans- 7. In a photographing apparatus, a casing having an exposing chamber, a receptacle for developer and a receptacle for fixing fluid, means forsevering that portion of the film drawn from the exposing chamber from film remaining in the exposing chamber, a rotatable element in proximity to which the free end of the film when severed is located, a rotatable element normally located on the side of the film opposite that of the first rotatable. element, means for moving the second mentioned rotatable element into operative relation to the first mentioned rotatable element and flexing the film to position said film in engagement with the rotatable elements, and means'for imparting rotary motion to one of the rotatable elements whereby film is drawn from the developing fluid.

8. In a photographing apparatus, a casing having an exposing chamber, a receptacle for developer and a receptacle for fixing fluid, means for severing that portion of the film drawn from the exposing chamber from film remaining in the exposing chamber, a rotatable element in proximity to which the free end of the film when severed is located, a rotatable element normally located on the side of. the film opposite that of the first rotatable element, means for moving the second mentioned rotatable e10 ment into operative relation to the mentioned rotatable element and flexing tho film to position said film in engagement with the rotatable elements, means for im arting rotary motion to one of the rotata le elements whereby film is drawn from the developing fluid, and a film transfer to which the developed film is delivered, including means for initially coating the film in the transfer with the fixing fluid.

9. In a photographing apparatus, a casing having a developer receptacle, means for delivering film thereto with the advanced end of the film in the receptacle and the rear end projecting above the receptacle, a. rotatable element near one side of the projecting end of. the film, a rotatable element normally on the opposite side of the film, means for moving the last mentioned rotatable element into operative relation to the first mentioned rotatable element with the film between them, yieldable supports for the second mentioned rotatable element for permitting the second mentioned rotatable element to ride over the first mentioned rotatable element, means for imparting 'movement to the mounting of said movable element to transfer it with respect to the first mentioned rotatable element, means for operatin the rotatable elements for drawing film om the developer, and means for returning the second, mentioned rotatable element to its nor-'.

mal position.

10. In a developing apparatus, a casin having receptacles for developer fluid and fixing fluid in proximity one to the other, means for drawing film from the develo er, a film transfer to which film is delivered by the means for drawing film, removably a plied to the case in operative relation to t a receptacle for the fixing fluid, gearing carried by the transfer and gearing in the casing with relation to which the gearing of the transfer is movable for engaging or disengaging said gearing, and means or operating the gearing.

11. In a photographing and developing apparatus, a casing, a receptacle for developin fluid, means for delivering film thereto an for severing the film above the rece taole from a web of film from which the fi m in the receptacle is delivered, a cover for the receptacle slidably, mounted in the casing, a rotatable element on one side of the projecting portion of the film, a rotatable element.

12. In a photographing and developing apparatus, a casing, a receptacle for developing fluid, means for delivering film thereto and for severing the film above the receptacle from a Web of film from which the film in the receptacle is delivered, a cover for the receptacle slidably mounted in the casing, a rotatable element on one side of the projectin portion of the film, a rotatable element a apted to coact therewith, yieldable supports for the second mentioned rotatable element carried by the cover of the receptacle, means for imparting motion to the cover in one direction comprising a rock shaft, arms secured thereon and en aging the end of the cover,'a reciprocating ar connected to the rock shaft for partially rotating the same, a shaft extending through the case at right angles to the axis of the bar, a wheel rotatable on the said shaft, a hub for said wheel having a curved slot, a stud in the shaft operating in the slot, a uide on the bar engaging the inner end of tie shaft, a cam on the inner face of the hub, an abutment carried by the bar and spaced from the side of the bar, means for holding the bar in operative relation to the shaft and in proximity to the side of the cam when the parts are in normal position with the abutment out of alinement with the cam, and means for rotating the shaft to move it axially for displacing the bar and carrying the abutment into alinement with the cam whereby rotation of the cam will move the bar longitudinally, the said bar havin an aperture which receives the extended s aft whereby the means for holding the bar in operative relation with the shaft forces the bar laterally and the abutment is carried out of alinement with the cam, gearing operated by the gear wheel for actuating the film drawing device and transfer, and means fordrawmg the shaft from the aperture of the bar.

13. In a photographing and developing apparatus, a casing, a receptacle for developing fluid, means for delivering film thereto and for severing the film above the receptacle from a web of film from which the film in the receptacle is delivered, a cover for the receptacle slidably mounted in the casing, a rotatable element on one side of the projecting portion of the film, a retatable element adapted to coact therewith, yieldable supports for the second mentioned rotatable element carried by the cover of the receptacle, means for imparting motion to the cover in one direction, comprising a rock shaft, arms secured thereon and engaging the end of the cover, a reciprocating bar connected to the rock shaft for partially rotating the same, a shaft extending through I the case at right angles to the axis of the bar, a wheel rotatable on the said shaft, a

hub for said wheel having a curved slot, a stud in the shaft operating in the slot, 9. guide on the bar engaging the inner end of the shaft, a cam on the inner face of the hub, an abutment carried by the bar and spaced from the side of the bar, means for holding the bar in operative relation to the shaft and in proximity to the side of the cam when the parts are in normal position with the abutment out of alinement with the cam, means for rotating the shaft to move it axially for displacing the bar and carrying the abutment into alineinent with the cam whereby rotation of the cam will move the bar longitudinally, the said bar having an aperture which receives the extended shaft whereby the means for holding the bar In operative relation with the shaft forces the bar laterally and the abutment is carried out of alinement with the cam, gearing operated by the gear wheel for actuating the film drawing device and transfer, means for drawing the shaft from the aperture of the bar, and means for exerting pressure on the cover to return the parts to normal positions.

14. In a photographing apparatus, means for transferring film from a developer receptacle to a receiver for film, mechanically operated means for moving film through a fixing fluid and delivering it therefrom to the surface of the. said fixing fluid.

15. In a photographing apparatus, a film transfer including means for initially coat ing the film with a fixing fluid while in transit, and thereafter delivering it to the surface of the fixing fluid.

16. In a photographing apparatus, means for transferring film from a developer receptacle to a receiver for'the film, mechanically operated means for moving film through a fixin fluid and delivering it therefrom on a p ane above the plane where the fixing fluid is applied.

17. In a photographing apparatus, a receptacle for developer and a receptacle for fixing fluid in proximity to each other, means for drawing film from the developer receptacle, a mechanism coacting therewith for subjecting film to fixing fluid including means for applying an initial coat of fixing fluid to the film while in transit and for delivering it to the surface of the fixing fluid in the receptacle.

18. In a photographing apparatus, means for transferring film from a developer receptacle to a receiver forthe film, and mechanically operated means for moving film through a fixing fluid and delivering it to the receiver.

GEORGE C. BEIDLER. 

